“Marriage and what makes a good one?” i Essay

â€Å"Marriage and what makes a decent one?† is a significant subject of Jane Austen’s ‘Pride and Prejudice’ talk about this part of the novel. The epic ‘Pride and Prejudice’ gives numerous thoughts of marriage. It tends to be viewed as a business exchange, a union between families or a social improvement for ladies however it is seen here and there, ‘happiness in marriage is altogether a matter of chance’. As the novel opens we can tell that marriage in the late nineteenth century was primarily based around society; ‘it is a fact generally recognized, that a solitary man possessing a favorable luck, must be in need of a wife.’ We learn in the novel that ladies married for cash or security like Charlotte Lucas however others like Elizabeth and Jane wed for affection. Mr and Mrs Bennet’s marriage was hasty, Mr Bennet was ‘captivated by youth and beauty’ and on account of Mrs Bennet’s ‘weak understanding and close-minded mind’ it ‘put a conclusion to all genuine warmth for her’. Mr and Mrs Bennet’s marriage is a genuine case of what a marriage shouldn’t be, on the off chance that they had hitched for adoration, Mr Bennet wouldn’t utilize his ‘sarcastic humour’ to ‘vex’ his better half. Their awful marriage seriously affects Kitty and Lydia who are ‘two of the silliest young ladies in the country,’ this is brought about by their parents’ absence of direction throughout everyday life and is the purpose behind their unaware conduct and silly nature around men, which later prompts Lydia’s ‘elopement’ with Mr Wickham. Mrs Bennet’s ‘business of life was to get her little girls married,’ and to her it was essential to do this before any other individual. This is the reason when Lydia weds Mr Wickham, Mrs Bennet neglects to see their unacceptability since she is glad to such an extent that her most youthful was hitched; ‘she will be hitched at sixteen.’ Lydia resembles her mom from various perspectives so her union with Mr Wickham will wind up like that of her folks. Lydia and Mr Wickham’s marriage is lopsided so it is impossible that it will last; ‘their elopement had been welcomed on by the quality of her affection, instead of by his’ Jane and Mr Bingley are appropriate on the grounds that Jane consistently observes the best in individuals; ‘never†¦speak sick of a human being’ and Mr Bingley was ‘good looking and gentlemanlike’ with a ‘pleasant face, and simple, unaffected manners.’ Mr Bingley doesn’t care about economic wellbeing; ‘if they had uncles enough to fill all Cheapside it would not make them one scribble less agreeable,’ and he cherishes Jane for what her identity is. Jane has the ‘most tender, liberal heart in the world’ and was ‘all beauty and goodness’ so her and Mr Bingley had the option to conquer their obstructions to be the ideal match. Elizabeth likewise needs to wed for adoration so when Mr Collins proposes to her she dismisses him since she doesn’t love him and he doesn’t notice that he cherishes her. From the start impressions Elizabeth discovers Mr Darcy the ‘proudest, most obnoxious man in the world’ which was in opposition to her ‘lively, fun loving disposition’. Elizabeth is preference against Mr Darcy since he is ‘proud and conceited’ and despite the fact that he accepts that somebody with his high economic wellbeing shouldn’t structure a sentimental connection to somebody of a lower status he ‘began to feel the risk of paying Elizabeth a lot of attention.’ Elizabeth succumbs to Mr Wickham’s charms and accepts his anecdote about Mr Darcy which drives her to detest him as well as to loathe him and when she discovers that it was he who cautioned Mr Bingley off her sister Jane she decides to abhor him significantly more. Mr Darcy proposes to Elizabeth and admits how he ‘admires’ and ‘loves’ her however now in the novel they aren’t fit to one another in light of the fact that the two of them despite everything have limited perspectives. Additionally now in the novel they are both liable of pride and preference. As the novel advances we see that Elizabeth’s preference step by step vanishes and is supplanted with adoration for Mr Darcy, yet by then she thinks it is past the point of no return and that he will never need to wed her after the disgrace Lydia put their family to. Anyway he demonstrates that he isn't ‘proud and conceited’ any longer by taking care of Mr Wickham and when she expresses gratitude toward him thinking all expectation is lost in him regularly requesting that her wed him once more, he does. Charlotte’s thought of marriage is altogether different to that of Jane and Elizabeth; she would prefer to forfeit love for security. She accepts that ‘a lady would be wise to shew more fondness than she feels’ or she may ‘lose the chance of fixing him’. This is the reason she consents to wed Mr Collins who just needs to wed since he figures it will be useful for his picture and she winds up maintaining a strategic distance from him for the duration of the day since he is a ‘pompous’, ‘odious man’. Mr Collins doesn’t give any indication of needing to wed for affection since he first turns his eye to Jane yet when he discovers she is taken, he turns his eye to the following best thing: Elizabeth.ñ‹

History of Modern Psychology: Anna Freud

History of Modern Psychology: Anna Freud Male visionaries commanded in the philosophical commitments to the brain research as a proper order; be that as it may, numerous conspicuous ladies spearheaded significant jobs in brain science history somewhere in the range of 1850 and 1950 (Goodwin, 2005). Freud Sigmund was not just among the Freudian to assemble validity in brain science field, this is on the grounds that Anna Freud-her most youthful little girl took profession in brain research and made significant commitments throughout the entire existence of brain science. The paper will talk about the foundation of Anna, her hypothetical point of view, and the commitments she made to the field of brain research. Anna’s Background Martha and Sigmund had six youngsters, the most youthful was Anna conceived in December 1895. Anna was an underhanded young lady who had extraordinary esteem crafted by her dad (Young-Bruehl, 1988). Nonetheless, she developed separate from her kin and her mom. Sigmund Freud responded Anna’s reverence and at once, he composed of her expressing, â€Å"Anna has turned total wonderful through naughtiness†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Boeree, 1998, pg 64) Frequently, Anna talked about her opposition emotions against her sister Sophie-the excellent offspring of Freud and Anna the minds of Freud family. There was a stressed bond among Anna and her mom Martha and different kin in light of the fact that their caretaker, Jose Cihlarz, dealt with them. Anna completed her instruction at Cottage Lyceum in Vienna in 1912 and didn't know about her future way of vocation. Anna made a trip to Britain in 1914 to develop her English abilities however retuned to Vienna after an assertion of war. She got the qu alifications of instructing and began educating at her previous school. She demonstrated extraordinary enthusiasm for the field of youngster brain research in the wake of taking quite a bit of her time instructing and watching her understudies. Anna chose to relinquish being just an educator to support the youngsters and seek after a vocation in the strides of her dad of analysis. Sigmund built up the enthusiasm of Anna in brain research documented at a youthful age of 14 years when he permitted Anna to peruse his works and compositions about therapy. What's more, Sigmund started to break down the fantasies on Anna evening time in 1918, and Anna went with her dad to the 1920 International Psychoanalytic Congress. Anna met a large number of Sigmund’s companions and partners, including Lou Andreas-Salome, the psychoanalyst. Later on Lou turned into a certain of Anna. Vienna Psychoanalytic Society acknowledged Anna as a part after she introduced her Daydreams and Beating Fantasies (Young-Bruehl, 1988). Anna continued going to gatherings of psychoanalytic, followed the distributions and crafted by her dad, broke down patients, and deciphered papers. Anna had built up her job as a significant supporter of the kid brain research field when she started her training in therapy with small kids. Anna showed workshops at Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute and she dis tributed her first work, Technique of Child Analysis. Her dad Sigmund turned out to be extremely sick after he was determined to have disease and experienced a few careful tasks. Sigmund required ordinary nursing to recover. Anna never needed to leave the side of her dad and gave him full-time care of nursing. By and by, Anna figured out how to proceed with her with the kids. Sadly, Sigmund died because of his disease in 1913, nearly a similar time WWII started (Coles, 1992). Anna followed the strides of her dad with analysis, however put her accentuation and spotlight on improving the procedures of learning youngsters rather than grown-ups. She turned out to be completely drenched in planning proficient and viable systems to psychoanalyze youngsters. Current youngster brain science and personality brain science despite everything utilize the methods created by Anna (Young-Bruehl, 1988). Hypothetical Perspective and Contributions of Anna Anna was the replacement of her dad with her work and research in youngster brain science and inner self brain science (Coles, 1992). She stayed legit to her father’s center thoughts and subjects of psychodynamic hypothesis despite the fact that a portion of the adherents of her dad surrendered his convictions. In any case, she for the most part centered around mind elements rather than mind structures. Anna composed and distributed The Mechanisms of Defense and The Ego that gave a depiction how guards work and evidently indicated the inner self is the perception seat from where individuals watch and works for the idea and the oblivious and superego, and study merits in its command. Sense of self brain research generally speaks to the devotees of Anna and Sigmund Freud lessons (Coles, 1992). Present day inner self brain research is faithful to Freud’s work with an establishment of therapy, despite the fact that it is progressively conventional and useful of the personal ity in the use of analysis. Anna Freud coached Erikson Erik, who is mainstream for his extension works in conscience brain research field and analysis (Goodwin, 2005). The mentorship of Anna impact Erik expert and scholarly vocation in brain research. Anna and Erik when he was coaching youngsters in Heitzing School oversaw by Dorothy Burlingham, a long-lasting companion of Anna. Anna saw the dexterous way of Erikson with the kids and gave her enthusiasm for directing Erik to concentrate all the more in regards to kid brain research. As indicated by Young-Bruehl, (1988) the principle energy of Anna was youngster brain research. Anna dedicated most her vitality and time dissecting and examining youngsters enduring injuries, significantly from the impacts of the war. The greater part of the youngsters were inclined to enduring injuries, while others were visually impaired or debilitated. Anna typically expressed that she was upbeat she didn't have her own youngsters, regardless of the years on her life she committed to help kids she scarcely knew. Sigmund had concentrated completely on grown-ups that figured out the memories of adolescence rather than recent developments. The craving of Anna was to work with youngsters experiencing current injuries to forestall any mental difficulties in adulthood (Boeree, 1998). Anna learned youngsters and their own encompassing and turned into a trustworthy advisor in managing the transference challenges. Reports indicated that Anna was a mindful grown-up and was not a substitute watchman, companion, or parent during the meetings of treatment. The procedure of Anna empowered a trusting and stable connection between the kid, the guardians, and the advisor (Coles, 1992). The greatest test in the dropping of Anna was correspondence among the specialist and the kids. It is simple for grown-ups to pass on their considerations, convictions, thoughts and feelings verbally while small kids are bumbling to act so with understanding. She couldn't utilize her father’s fix of conversing with the youngsters, because of their lack of ability to verbalize their thoughts and contemplations. Youngsters appear to communicate their sentiments and feelings more uniquely in contrast to the grown-ups do. This impacted Anna to create methods especially made to support the kids. Anna Freud had the obligation of setting up a war nursery at Hampstead Child Therapy Clinic. She and Dorothy Burlingham run the center and persuaded the youngsters at the nursery to make connections to oversee war injury. Working connected at the hip with the youngsters impacted her to distribute numerous investigations and research concerning kids in worry during wartime, for example, Infants without Families, War and Children, and Young Children in Wartime (Boeree, 1998). She had the option to improve her perception of parental lack in small kids during awful period when vagrants from inhumane imprisonments were placed in Bulldogs Bank home (Boeree, 1998). Anna detailed, examined and watched her results in a test in a gathering childhood that gave report of the children’s normal abilities to make close relations with peers as a substitute of guardians. In 1945, Hampstead nursery shut because of the finish of the war. Soon after this conclusion, Hampstead Child Therapy Clinic and Course opened under Anna’s the executives. The facility offered systematic treatment, guiding, and a preparation in kid treatment and examination (Coles, 1992). The center became biggest and extensive office committed the universes to the treatment and examination of youngsters. Anna filled in as the chief, advisor and preparing examiner of the facility from 1952 until her going in 1982. New York Times gave a statement by Anna about her critical work with the kids: I started as an educator of a primary school. I changed from instructing to youngster examination field. Consequently, I moved persistently to and fro, from the hypothetical research of these difficulties to their application for all intents and purposes. An individual can have uncommon karma to do this, and that numerous individuals wear not have this karma (Goodwin, 2005). End Freud Anna was brought into the world 1895 and passed 1982 (Young-Bruehl, 1988). In those years, Anna made significant commitments in the brain science field. Her expert and scholastic vocation gives her a long ways in grasping the idea of people, mental procedures, feelings and practices in present brain science (Coles, 1992). She suffered being called Sigmund little girl to turn into a noticeable female therapist in a field and period where the men ruled distributions and research. Anna is a genuine replacement of her dad and affected the brain science field as a conventional control with imaginative remedial and perception strategies. Crafted by Anna are verifiable and commendable conversation, regardless of some cutting edge clinician concurring or contradicting any of the Freudian points of view. References Boeree, G. C. (1998). Anna Freud. Character Theories. Recovered from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/annafreud.html Coles, Robert (1992). Anna Freud: The fantasy of therapy. Perusing, MA: Addison-Wesley. Goodwin, C. J. (2005). A past filled with current brain science (second Ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Youthful Bruehl, E. (1988).Anna Freud: A history. New York: Summit Books

Dealing and Coping With OCD on the Job

Dealing and Coping With OCD on the Job OCD Living With OCD Print Dealing With OCD on the Job Protect Your Rights By LuAnn Pierce, LCSW, is a licensed clinical social worker who has worked in the field of mental health and human services for over 25 years. Learn about our editorial policy LuAnn Pierce, LCSW Updated on April 23, 2018 Morgue File More in OCD Living With OCD Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types Related Conditions OCD can affect every aspect of life. It is particularly difficult when the symptoms show up on the job. People with OCD need to know about legal protections under the law, what and when to disclose about their condition, what accommodations may be requested and how to protect your rights. The following information is offered as guidance, not legal advice. The Americans With Disabilities Act The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a federal law that was designed to protect those with disabilities from discrimination. The ADA protects employees with physical or mental disabilities who are able to perform their job with reasonable accommodations. Private and religious employers with 15 or more employees and all public sector employers fall under this federal mandate. The ADA does not specifically identify medical conditions that are covered under the law. The law defines a disability as “a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities” under the ADA Amendments Acts. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) has included OCD in its regulations as a condition that substantially limits brain function. Therefore the EEOC suggests that OCD should qualify as a disability. Your employer may ask for documentation from your mental health provider to substantiate your disability. Larger companies usually have policies and procedures outlining how the employer addresses requests for accommodations. If so, it would be helpful to be aware of these before disclosing your OCD as a disability. Reasonable Accommodations It is important to understand that requests for accommodations need to be considered reasonable. According to JAN, this means “any modification or adjustment to a job or the work environment that will enable a qualified applicant or employee with a disability to participate in the application process or to perform essential job functions. Reasonable accommodation also includes adjustments to ensure that a qualified individual with a disability has rights and privileges in employment equal to those of employees without disabilities.” The EEOC states that employers are required to provide reasonable accommodations unless doing so would cause ‘undue hardship’ to the employer. When Accommodations Are Unreasonable Undue hardship is explained as accommodations that would be cost-prohibitive or too difficult given the size or structure of the business. To Disclose or Not to Disclose â€" That is the Question There are risks and benefits to disclosing your mental health condition on the job. If the symptoms interfere with your ability to do your work, you may have to disclose to protect your job. It is wise to do some homework before you disclose. Determine if your employer is covered under the ADASecure documentation of your diagnosis from your medical or mental health provider.Be aware of the possible backlash of disclosure (stigma, judgment, co-worker resentment).Check with your HR Department about policies related to accommodations for disabilities.Decide on what specific reasonable accommodations you need to perform your job better.Think about how much information you want to disclose; develop a brief script with few details about your disability and requested accommodations to share with your supervisor or HR representative. You may want to contact the Job Accommodation Network (JAN) before you talk to your employer. They can advise you about what and how to disclose, and what types of accommodations are usually offered based on your specific needs. You can print information from their website about accommodating mental disabilities to provide to your employer when you disclose. Doing so lets them know that you are aware of your rights and provides them with a resource for determining what accommodations may be reasonable in your situation. JAN consults with employers and employees to work out reasonable accommodations upon request. The services are free of charge as JAN is a part of the US Department of Labor. Discrimination If you believe you have been discriminated against, you may file a claim at the EEOC office nearest you. In some cases, you have only 180 days to file. The claim will be investigated, which can take a long time. People who file claims are also protected legally from retaliation for making a claim. While it is difficult to prove retaliation, it happens. Document any concerns and report these to the EEOC.

Essay about Sa Sa Cosmetics †Analyzing Competition

SA SA COSMETICS – Analyzing Competition Sa Sa Cosmetics is a very successful Hong Kong based discount cosmetics retailers. The case describes how Sa Sa became successful, culminating in its IPO in 1997. Since then, however, its fortunes have declined somewhat. The case discusses recent initiatives that were undertaken to sustain growth momentum. Sa Sa also undertook some marketing research studies. The research findings appear to confirm that Sa Sa may have some major problems. As 2001 comes to a close, Sa Sa contemplates what else can be done to improve profitability and keep on growing. 1. What were the reasons for Sa Sa’s early success? SA SA was creating value for its customers by providing them with quality products at a fair†¦show more content†¦In early days the Sa Sa operated as a family-run culture, help retain them but afte the IPO, when Sa Sa changed strategy to be creating value for the Shareholders hard to imitate: it was not hard to imitate as evidenced by the whole slew of competitier copied once known. non-substitutable-yes, there were various product segments/tiers; Sa Sa focused top brand names Core Products Business Units End products Porters 5 forces: Industry Rivalry: Concentration: Diversity of the Competitors Product Differentiation Excess Capacity Exit Barriers Cost Conditions Supplier Power Threat Of Entry Buyer Power Threat of substitute What changes have occurred in the stores since Sa Sa’s early success? (Not including the strategic issues outlined in Figure A.) Sa Sa was able to offer the cosmetics at a cheaper prices than competitors combined with the sales team able to help the customers with personal needs and using customer insights to buy/stock the inventories, Sa Sa had built unique value for the customers. Since the IPO, many new competitors (bonjour and rainbow) have entered the market. They are able to copy the core competency that was first developed by Sa Sa. Additionally very well known drugstores (Watson’s and Manning’s), have started offering the cosmetics! Both have used the existing infrastructure and corporate capital resource to position themselves as significantShow MoreRelatedStrategic Marketing - Case O F Sa Sa3097 Words   |  13 PagesExecutive Summary This paper discusses the strategic marketing of Sa Sa International Holdings Limited, a leading beauty retail and service group in Asia by analyzing its competitive advantages, marketing strategies, industry environment, major challenges and followed by some problem solvers. Sa Sa has four major competitive advantages. First, she can offer competitive prices for her long-term relationship with suppliers. Besides, excellent service with number of recognized winning awards accountsRead MoreBusiness Case: Marketing Research for Customers Segmentation12172 Words   |  49 PagesOriflame-Belarus grew rapidly for the last 5 years through providing existing sales force with a range of beauty products (mainly cosmetics) of mass-market segment. The last two years are characterized with declining of sales of Oriflame-Belarus and loosing 1.4% of market share. External objective reasons for seeking for roots of the problem in inadequate STP policy of the Company are: Cosmetic market of Belarus in very good growing. 6% per year is forecasted in 20112013; No one competitor lost such a huge marketRead MoreMarketing Plan: Maybellines New Perfume5503 Words   |  23 PagesMarketing Plan: Maybelline’s new perfume The University of Sheffield Marketing Management (MTG 2410) Blagoy Savov (BS11124) 21 August 2012 Abstract LOreal’s Maybelline, a global, mass market cosmetic manufacturer, has decided to develop and market a new fragrance for women. This report includes research, analysis and evaluation of the market environment for female fragrances. Furthermore, it outlines a marketing strategy for the new product which describes the marketing mix to be used by MaybellineRead MoreMarketing Plan: Maybellines New Perfume5492 Words   |  22 PagesMarketing Plan: Maybelline’s new perfume The University of Sheffield Marketing Management (MTG 2410) Blagoy Savov (BS11124) 21 August 2012 Abstract LOreal’s Maybelline, a global, mass market cosmetic manufacturer, has decided to develop and market a new fragrance for women. This report includes research, analysis and evaluation of the market environment for female fragrances. Furthermore, it outlines a marketing strategy for the new product which describes the marketing mix to be used by MaybellineRead MoreStrategic Management Nestle3616 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction This report will focus on Nestle SA and will look into the industry the company is competing in. Based on various strategic analysis models the report will evaluate why the company has been so successful over the past century and how is Nestle managing to sustain constant growth and achieve great performance in the food and beverage industry. Company Background The Nestle Company started in 1866 with a one man’s idea and then it turned into one of the world’s biggest corporationsRead MoreProject Management6389 Words   |  26 PagesAcme Home Improvement de Mexico, SA de CV Expansion Project Plan Project Masters, LLC Tyler M. Falcone Chanda M. Morris Sean P. Riley Michael S. 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Many famous companies sell their cosmetic products online also in countries in which they do not have representatives. Aesop is the trading name of a range of skin care products from Australian company Aesop Retail Pty Ltd. Aesop was founded by hairdresser Dennis Paphitis in 1987 in the city of Melbourne. It is an Australian based super premium cosmetic company thatRead MoreZara vs. Hm5217 Words   |  21 Pages15 17 17 18 2 Introduction For this term paper, our group will be comparing two companies, HM and Zara, and their marketing strategies and taking the information we compile and developing a new marketing plan for one company. We will be analyzing each company’s marketing strategy individually and then comparing them to see which company has the best marketing strategy. From there, our team will then develop a new marketing plan for one of the companies. 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Let America Be America Again by Langston Hughes - 946 Words

Name Instructor Course Date of submission Let America Be America Again By Langston Hughes Theme: Freedom In his poem, let America be America again, Hughes focuses on American freedom and equality. His concern was on the socio-economic division in the American society. Relating the American declaration at independence, Hughes observes that the road to achievement of equality and freedom lost. The country has become corrupt and its leaders and businessmen are greedy. The grabbed land and gold making them wealthier during the common American citizen; the Negros, red Indians, the poor whites and immigrants lavish in poverty (Schmidt, and Lynne, 776). They have not achieved the American promise of freedom. Hughes wrote the poem with the†¦show more content†¦Freedom is not a racial thing but for every citizen whose life has been affected by the path taken by the American development. The America projected while freedom was a country of hope, equality and freedom (Schmidt, and Lynne, 776). The American freedom was not on gender and race only but a freedom that spread its wings to emb race economic freedom and equality. However, the current America is not a country that many including Hughes anticipated. A class system is the division is the classification system in the modern America; millions are drowning in the lake of poverty while a few one percent are floating in the cream of wealth. It is this inequality that Hughes wants addressed; it is the equitable distribution of resources that make him concerned for the poor American citizen; either of African, Indian, polish, Irish and English descent. These are the people who left their ancestral home to come and realize their dream of a happy life in America. They are the people who bear scars of slavery and those who toil with machines (line 20 amp; 32), these who were fooled and pushed apart by the greedy and selfish bourgeoises. Hughes seeks the freedom these people who are poor and hungry despite the American dream of achieving human happiness by eradicating all forms of human misery.Show MoreRelatedThe Poem Let America Be America Again By Langston Hughes1671 Words   |  7 PagesThe poem â€Å"Let America Be America Again,† by Langston Hughes, brings up two sides to the discussion about what America means to people. It discusses the fact that to some people, America is an amazing land, where people are free from oppression and have rights. The poem, however, does not neglect the fact that there are people who have never experienced those freedoms and rights, nor does it neglect the fact that the people who have not experienced those rights also live in America. The issue aboutRead MoreLangston Hughes Let America Be America Again Poem Analysis1122 Words   |  5 Pagessociety and speak out against them in hopes of reaching equality for all. Langston Hughes used his voice in poetry to express his experience as a black man in the United States during the Civil Rights Movement, and his is a household name. There is no doubt that his words have power. The reader expects to feel h is experience and gain empathy and understanding through his poetry. In his poem, â€Å"Let America Be America Again,† Hughes presents his experience of American life in a powerful contrast to theRead MoreEssay on Idealism in Let America Be America Again by Langston Hughes815 Words   |  4 PagesIdealism in Let America Be America Again by Langston Hughes      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the poem Let America Be America Again, Langston Hughes paints a vivid word picture of a depressed America in the 1930s. To many living in America, the idealism presented as the American Dream had escaped their grasp. 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Although his writing can be said to bring hope to the African Americans, his style can be frightening and daunting when taken the time to read his pieces. They may not seem real, but they are his way of interpreting and informing the future of what African Americans, like himself, had to go throughRead MoreDreams in Langston Hughes Poems1401 Words   |  6 Pages Langston Hughes’ challenging background, ethnicity, and era of life can all be thought of reasons as to why his style of writing relates among discrimination and unsettling topics. Although his writing can be said to bring hope to the African Americans, his style can be frightening and daunting when taken the time to read his pieces. They may not seem real, but they are his way of interpreting and informing the future of wha t African Americans, like himself, had to go through and what they hadRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s The Crucible 872 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica today, is looked at to be the most â€Å"free† country’s to live in. To many people in today’s society, they see America as a great place to live and that you can accomplish or get anything that the person wants. However, there are some key points that Langston Hughes shows in his two poems that can show a reader how America being perfectly â€Å"free† is not the case. Langston Hughes makes three key points in Open Letter to The South and Let America Be America Again, which are America’s equality,Read MoreLangston Hughes : A Modernist1222 Words   |  5 PagesSappington 13 Apr. 2017 Langston Hughes: A Modernist Credited as being the most recognizable figure of the Harlem Renaissance, Langston Hughes played a vital role in the Modernist literary movement and the movement to revitalize African American culture in the early 20th century. Hughes’s poems reflect his personal struggle and the collective struggle of African Americans during this cultural revival. Langston Hughes’s life contained key influences on his work. As a child, Hughes witnessed a divorceRead MoreFreedom In Langston Hughess Let America Be Again1251 Words   |  6 PagesOne of Langston Hughes’s most famous poems is, â€Å"Let America Be Again†. It is quite long, and full of expressions about freedom and equality between white and black people. Among the great writer of his time, he inspired others, people to find their freedom. His poems revealed his steadfast admiration for black, especially the poor. Hughes shows all the different community and races in America and, how the rich and powerful overpowering them all. This research paper is to relate the theme, voice

Cfcs Cause Deterioration Of The Ozone Layer Essay Example For Students

Cfcs Cause Deterioration Of The Ozone Layer Essay Cfcs Cause Deterioration of the Ozone LayerThe deterioration of the ozone layer , caused by Cfcs, endangers thelives of humans. Cfcs have a diminishing effect on the ozone layer. Furthermore, the deterioration of the ozone cause an increase of Ultraviolet(UV) radiation which can have a negative effect on human skin and eyes. As awriter for newsweek, I have investigated the scenario and found the followinginformation. The earths atmosphere is a blanket of air that surrounds the planet. This atmospheric air is made up of many different gases, 78% nitrogen, 21%oxygen, and 1% of a dozen or more other gases like carbon dioxide, helium, andozone. This atmosphere extends many miles out from the earths surface. However, this layer is not a uniform layer, from top to bottom. As one movesout from the planets surface the atmosphere becomes progressively dense. Thisatmosphere can be divide into four major regions. The first region is the troposphere which extends about 6.5 miles abovethe planets surface. The troposphere contains the oxygen that we breath and iswhere a majority of our weather takes place. Beyond the troposphere is the second region of the atmosphere, thestratosphere. The stratosphere extends from roughly 6.5-30 miles from theearths surface. The air on this region is much less dense than in thetroposphere, and its a lot drier. The stratosphere is the area that containsthe majority of the ozone layer. Past the stratosphere is the mesosphere which extends to 50 miles abovethe planet. The last region is the thermosphere. The thermospheres outermostedge is roughly 600 miles above the surface of the earth. Beyond it, theairless vacuum of space begins. Oxygen is made up of two oxygen atoms that are bonded together. In theperiodic table it is represented by O2. Like oxygen, ozone is a gas that is made up of oxygen atoms. However,a molecule of ozone is made up of three atoms of oxygen bonded together,therefore, O3, represents ozone. The ozone makes up only .01% of the atmosphere. Furthermore, 90% of the ozone is found in the stratosphere. It is concentratedin a layer between 7 and 22 miles above the earths surface. The massive depth of the ozone in the stratosphere would lead you tobelieve that it is very thick, it is not. If it were condensed, the ozonelayer would only be a few millimeters thick (Rowland and Molina 1994. p.23). The ozone is made in the stratosphere. It is continuously being formed,broken down, and reformed, over and over again. Furthermore, the three keyelements of the cycle are: oxygen, ozone, and the energy from the sun. The ultimate source of energy for our planet is the sun. This energytravels through space in the form of Electromagnetic Radiation. Furthermore,this electromagnetic radiation is often referred to as waves and their length,therefore, wavelengths. The sun has a wide range of wavelengths. This range isknown as the Electromagnetic Spectrum. In this spectrum there is Gamma,Ultraviolet, Visible, Infrared, and Radio waves. It is the ultraviolet (UV) radiation coming from the sun that drives theozone cycle in the stratosphere. When a oxygen molecule is hit by a high-energyUV ray, the O2 molecule absorbs the rays energy. As a result, the bond holdingthe oxygen molecule together breaks. This break separates the molecule, O2=O+O. These separate molecules quickly join with nearby oxygen molecules to form aozone molecule, O3=O2+O. Simultaneously, ozone molecules are being hit, theyabsorb the rays energy and break apart, leaving behind an oxygen molecule and asingle oxygen molecule, O3O2-O. At this time, the entire process repeatsitself making new molecules that are separated which combine to make newmolecules, over and again (Rowland and Molin 1991 p. 42). As a result of this cycle, about the same amount of ozone is produced asis broken down in the stratosphere. Therefore, the amount of ozone stays thesame under normal circumstances (Rowland and Molina 1991 p.43). A constant and stable ozone layer are important for life on earthbecause the high-energy UV rays that are absorbed in the ozone layer areextremely dangerous. These rays can kill some things while seriously damagingothers. For example, some bacteria exposed to UV rays will die. Plants, onland and in oceans, can be seriously damaged or even destroyed by UV rays. Whenhumans are exposed to the powerful rays, their skin can burn, damage to the eyes, and permanent changes in cells that can lead to cancer and other problems canoccur. By absorbing the UV rays, the ozone molecules in the ozone layer form ashield that protects life on earth from the dangerous and even deadly UV rays. Gaining the Respect of Others EssayIn the US there were 500,000 cases of the first, 100,.000 cases of the second,and 27,000 of the third type, in 1990(Wayne p. 47). Furthermore, cases ofmelanoma have been estimated to be increasing at an average of 10% from 1979 to1993 and even larger increases are believed to be occurring in the southernhemisphere. Also, studies suggest that a 1% decrease in stratospheric ozonewill result in a 2% increase of skin cancers (Wayne p.49). Moreover, some ofthese skin cancers can result in death. Malignant melanoma is much moredangerous, however, they are the least common. Malignant melanoma effects thepigment cell in the skin which can spread rapidly to the blood and lymphaticsystem. Furthermore, Wayne says, these have become increasingly frequentthroughout the world, especially in areas of higher latitudes. Moreover, thereis a correlation between melanomas and exposure to UV. Melanoma incidence iscorrelated with latitude, with twice as many deaths (re lative to statepopulation) in Florida or Texas as in Wisconsin or Montana(Wayne p.50). Furthermore, melanomas can take up too 20 years to develop, therefore, time willgive us a better example of the effects of increased UV rays have on the skin. The eyes are also affected by UV rays. An increase in UV rays results in an increase of UV absorption by theeye. Chronic UV exposure has been shown to be a factor in eye disease, saysRoach. Moreover, blindness from cataracts is the number one preventable causeof cataracts (Roach p.119). The latest findings indicate that for every 1%decrease in ozone levels results in a .6-.8% increase in eye cataracts, orannually approximately 100,000 to 150,000 additional cases of cataract-inducedblindness worldwide (Roach p.122-3). Moreover, UV rays cause other eye injures including photokeratitis, alsoknown as sun blindness or snow blindness, damage to the retina, and intraocularmelanoma tumors. Roachs predictions suggest a substantial future increase ineye cancer rates. However, some, object to the effects Cfcs have on the ozoneand on humans. Two of the more common objections are: Cfcs are two heavy to reach thestratosphere and we should not be concerned about Cfcs because the majority ofchlorine in the atmosphere is created by the acidification if salt spray. However, for the first objection, atmospheric gases do not segregate byweight in the troposphere and the stratosphere. This is because verticaltransport in the troposphere takes place by convection and turbulent mixing,says Wayne. Furthermore Wayne says, in the stratosphere and in the mesosphere,it takes place by eddy diffusion, the gradual mechanical mixing of gas bymotions on smaller scales, these mechanisms due not distinguish molecularmasses (Wayne Ch. 4). As for the second objection, it is an assumption that is not correct atall. Eighty percent of the chlorine found is from Cfcs and other man madeorganic chlorine compounds (Rowland 1989 p.77). In conclusion, despite the increasing list of negative affects of UVradiation, we continue to release ozone depleting chemicals into the atmosphere. Despite the availability of safer alternatives, we continue to promotetechnologies that are only slightly safer than the ones they replaced. Despiteall of the current information on the destructive affects of Cfcs, we stillcontinue to use them on a mass scale. Scientific research has only began to discover the impacts of UVradiation, however, what we do know should be enough for action. We cannotafford to sit around and wait for the damage to reach a point that makes usreact, by then it will be too late. The time to act is now because even with an immediate and complete endto production and release of ozone-depleting substances to the environment, weare still left with many decades of decreasing ozone and increased UV exposure. We must think long term and act now. Works CitedFarman, J.C., B.G. Gardiner, and J.D. Shankin. Large losses of total ozone inAntarticareveal seasonal CIOx/NOx interaction. Nature v.230 (Aug.4,1985): p.205-215. Roach, M. Sun Track. Health v.201 (May/June 1992): p.119-125. Rowland, F.S. Chloroflourocarbons and the depletion of stratospheric ozone.American Scientist v.128 (Nov. 4,1989): p. 70-78. Rowland, F.S. and M.J. Molina. Ozone depletion: 20 years after the alarm.ChemicalEngineering News v.20 (Jan.11,1994): p. 20-34. Rowland, F.S. and M.J. Molina. Chloroflourocarbons in the environment.Rev.Geophys. and Space Phys. v.7 (Mar.1975): p. 13-73Wayne, R.P. Chemistry of Atmosphere. New York: Oxford Univ.,1991.